Bedbug

Apply to bite sites 2–3 times daily to reduce inflammation and itching. Available without prescription. Stronger formulations (triamcinolone, betamethasone) by prescription for severe reactions.

Reduce itching and allergic response. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 25–50 mg at bedtime also aids sleep. Non-sedating options (cetirizine, loratadine) for daytime use.

Short course (5–7 days) for severe widespread reactions or significant allergic response. Not for routine bite treatment.

Apply to bite sites showing signs of secondary bacterial infection (increased redness, warmth, pus). Oral antibiotics required if infection spreads.

For rare cases of anaphylaxis. Seek emergency care immediately if signs of severe allergic reaction occur (throat swelling, difficulty breathing, rapid pulse).

Apply a cold, damp cloth or ice pack wrapped in a towel to bite sites for 10–15 minutes. Reduces swelling and numbs itching. No evidence of systemic effect but effective symptomatic relief.

Traditional topical for insect bites. Zinc oxide and ferric oxide provide mild anti-itch and drying effect. Apply directly to bites as needed. Well-tolerated with minimal side effects.

Clinically supported for itch relief. Avenanthramides in oats have anti-inflammatory properties. Soak in lukewarm oatmeal bath for 15–20 minutes or apply oatmeal-based cream to affected areas.

Some evidence of antibacterial and anti-itch properties. Dilute 1–2 drops in a teaspoon of carrier oil before applying to skin. Never apply undiluted — can cause contact dermatitis. Limited evidence for bedbug repellency.

Mechanical insecticide: microscopic silica particles damage the bedbug's exoskeleton, causing dehydration. Apply a thin layer in cracks, along baseboards, and under furniture. Takes 1–2 weeks to show effect. Not a standalone eradication method but useful as part of an integrated approach.