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Reference guide

Parasite Glossary & Search Guide

Common names, scientific terms, and search phrases to help you find exactly what you're looking for.

Whether you call it a 'stomach worm' or Ascaris lumbricoides, parasites go by many names. This glossary covers common names, scientific names, parasite types, and the search phrases people use most — all in one place.

Types of parasites

Understanding the categories helps narrow your search.

Nematodes (roundworms)

Cylindrical worms that live in the intestines, lungs, or tissues. Examples: roundworm, hookworm, whipworm, heartworm, pinworm, strongyloides.

Cestodes (tapeworms)

Flat, segmented worms that attach to the intestinal wall. Examples: tapeworm, Echinococcus.

Trematodes (flukes)

Flat, leaf-shaped worms that infect the liver, lungs, or blood. Examples: liver fluke.

Protozoa

Single-celled organisms that can cause serious illness. Examples: giardia, toxoplasma, cryptosporidium, babesia, Chagas disease.

Ectoparasites

Parasites that live on the outside of the host — skin, fur, or feathers. Examples: fleas, ticks, lice, mites, scabies, bedbugs.

Copepods & crustaceans

Marine parasites that attach to fish skin or gills. Examples: sea lice, gnathia, pennella.

Common names vs. scientific names

The same parasite often has multiple names. Here are the most searched.

Common nameScientific name
TapewormTaenia solium / Taenia saginata / Dipylidium caninumView
RoundwormAscaris lumbricoides / Toxocara canis / Toxocara catiView
HookwormAncylostoma duodenale / Necator americanusView
Pinworm / threadwormEnterobius vermicularisView
WhipwormTrichuris trichiura / Trichuris vulpisView
HeartwormDirofilaria immitisView
Giardia / beaver feverGiardia lamblia / Giardia intestinalisView
Toxoplasma / toxoToxoplasma gondiiView
Scabies / mangeSarcoptes scabieiView
Head lice / nitsPediculus humanus capitisView
Ear miteOtodectes cynotisView
Marine ich / white spotCryptocaryon irritansView

Common misconceptions

Some parasite names are misleading — here's what they really are.

Ringworm

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Not a worm at all — ringworm is a fungal skin infection (tinea). The name comes from the ring-shaped rash it causes.

Heartworm

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Despite the name, heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) is a nematode — a type of roundworm — transmitted by mosquitoes, not a worm that crawls to the heart.

Seaworm / fish worm

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Often refers to Anisakis, a nematode found in raw or undercooked fish and seafood that can infect humans.

Stomach bug

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Often blamed on viruses, but Giardia and Cryptosporidium are parasitic protozoa that cause identical symptoms — diarrhea, cramps, nausea.

Ready to look one up?

Search our full database of 33 parasites with detailed symptoms, lifecycle, treatment, and prevention information.

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